After Teen Drug Rehab Center: How to Help Your Teen Child Deal With The Transition (Richard Lawson)

Es una gran noticia que su hijo ha completado con éxito su programa de rehabilitaci?n en un centro de rehabilitaci?n de drogas adolescentes! Sin embargo, dado que esas instalaciones de tratamiento residencial de ni?as y ni?os no ofrecen programas que son para toda la vida, es obvio que va a tener que enfrentar el mundo real otra vez. En centros de tratamiento residencial de ni?os y ni?as, adolescentes adictos aprenden a lidiar con el mundo infestado de droga y encontrar maneras de lidiar con la presi?n de los pares. Sin embargo, el mundo normal se avecina en cuanto el programa obtiene completa y uno tiene que afrontar las realidades de la vida real agudas una vez m?s. ?C?mo ayuda el ni?o adolescente con la transici?n? ?Hay maneras que se puede hacer m?s f?cil? ?Claro! Aqu? son punteros para ayudar con el tiempo justo después de la rehabilitaci?n.

Encontrar amigos de calidad

Como padre, usted debe ser consciente que una adicci?n a las drogas muy importante raz?n comienza y ni?os son enviados a chicos residencial instalaciones de tratamiento es debido a la presi?n. La presi?n puede ser dif?cil de tratar y puede ser un motivador muy poderoso para usar drogas y alcohol. Esa es la raz?n debe activamente ayudar a su ni?o encontrar a amigos sobria calidad después que salga de la rehabilitaci?n. Sobrios amigos con quien su hijo puede hacer interesantes actividades libres de drogas juntos son la mejor herramienta para ayudarle a hacer frente a la transici?n.

Asistir regularmente a un programa bueno para pacientes ambulatorios

Los centros de tratamiento residencial bien todos chicos y chicas saben la importancia de contar con un programa fuerte para pacientes ambulatorios. Es importante que después de rehabilitaci?n, su hijo reciba los beneficios de asistir a un programa ambulatorio de por lo menos durante unos meses. Terapia y cuidado continuo es algo que su hijo necesita incluso después de la terminaci?n de su programa de rehabilitaci?n residencial.

Salud mental es muy importante

La rutina rigurosa que es la norma en un centro de rehabilitaci?n de drogas adolescentes bien es algo que un ni?o se perder? cuando regresa al mundo real. Es decir por qué es importante enfocarse en su salud mental y alejarlo de la tristeza de sensaci?n y depresi?n lo empuj? hacia las drogas y el alcohol en primer lugar. Aseg?rese de que su hijo tenga actividades positivas cada d?a para sentirme bien conmigo, as? que no siente la necesidad de llenar su soledad con sustancias abusivas. Si est? tomando una caminata alrededor de la cuadra o centrarse en un pasatiempo favorito, su hijo debe hacer las cosas que se siente feliz haciendo.

An?melo a participar en un grupo de voluntarios

Todos los centes de rehabilitaci?n de drogas adolescentes se centra en la importancia de sus pacientes de mejorar sus vidas. Sin embargo, la investigaci?n sugiere que el acto de ayudar a otros puede ser un impedimento significativo para consumir drogas o alcohol. Después de rehabilitaci?n, es una gran idea para animar a su ni?o a unirse a un grupo de voluntarios que ayuda a una secci?n concreta de la sociedad. Ya sea ayudando en su comedor comunitario local o ser voluntario en un refugio de animales, ayudando a los dem?s con el tiempo le ayudar?.

Richard Bradford es una escritora con muchos a?os de experiencia en la escritura sobre diversos temas relacionados con el centro de rehabilitaci?n de drogas adolescentes, droga adolescente asesoramiento y otros temas. Su reciente art?culo es un buen libro sobre c?mo ayudar a su ni?o a lidiar con el mundo real una vez que completen el su tratamiento en un centro de rehabilitaci?n de drogas adolescentes.

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After Teen Drug Rehab Center: How to Help Your Teen Child Deal With The Transition (Richard Lawson)

It is great news that your child has successfully completed his rehabilitation program at a teen drug rehab center! However, since such girls and boys residential treatment facilities don't offer programs that are life-long, it is obvious that he will have to face the real world again. In boys and girls residential treatment centers, addicted teens learn ways to deal with the drug-infested world and find ways to cope with peer pressure. However, the regular world beckons as soon as the program gets completed and one has to face the acute realities of real life once again. So how do you help your teen child with the transition? Are there ways it can be made easier? Of course! Here are pointers to help with the time right after rehab.

Find Quality Friends

As a parent, you must be aware that a very important reason drug addiction starts and kids are sent to boys residential treatment facilities is because of peer pressure. Peer pressure can be tough to deal with and can be a very powerful motivator to use drugs and alcohol. That is the reason you should actively help your child find quality sober friends after he comes out of rehab. Sober friends with whom your child can do interesting drug-free activities together are your best tool to help him cope with the transition.

Regularly Attending a Good Outpatient Program

All good boys and girls residential treatment centers know the importance of having a strong outpatient program. It is important that after rehab, your child gets the benefits of attending an outpatient program for a few months at least. Continued care and therapy is something that your child needs even after the completion of his residential rehab program.

Mental Health is All-Important

The rigorous routine that is the norm in a good teen drug rehab center is something a child will miss when he returns to the real world. That is why it is important to focus on his mental health and keep him from feeling sadness and depression that pushed him towards drugs and alcohol in the first place. Make sure that your child has positive activities every day to feel good about so that he does not feel the need to fill up his loneliness with abusive substances. Whether it is taking a brisk walk round the block or focusing on a favorite hobby, your child must do things he feels happy doing.

Encourage Him To Participate In a Volunteer Group

Every teen drug rehab centes focuses on their patient's importance of improving their lives. However, research suggests that the act of helping others can be a significant deterrent to using drugs or alcohol. After rehab, it is a great idea to encourage your child to join a volunteer group that helps a particular section of the society. Whether it is helping out in your local soup kitchen or volunteering at an animal shelter, helping others will eventually help him.

Richard Bradford is a freelance writer with many years experience in writing on various topics related to teen drug rehab center, teen drug counseling and other related topics. His recent article is a good read on how to help your child cope with the real world once they complete the their treatment at a teen drug rehab center.

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DNA Repair 101

You don't have to be a biologist to know that anything that can damage DNA is potentially harmful, because it can cause mutations (which are, in fact, mostly harmful; very few mutations are beneficial). Fortunately, cells contain dozens of different kinds of repair enzymes, and most DNA damage is repaired quickly. When damage isn't repaired quickly (or properly), you have a mutation.

It's not much of a stretch to say that DNA repair enzymes play a front-and-center role in evolution (or at least the portion of evolution that's driven by mutations). Which is why molecular geneticists tend to pay a lot of attention to DNA repair processes. Anything that can affect the composition of DNA can change the course of evolution.

DNA is remarkably stable, chemically. Nonetheless, it is vulnerable to oxidative attack (by hydroxyl radicals, superoxides, nitric oxide, and other Reactive Oxygenated Species generated in the course of cell metabolism—never mind exogenous poisons).

Of the four bases in DNA—guanine (G), cytosine (C), adenine (A), thymine (T)—guanine is the most susceptible to oxidative attack. When it's exposed to an oxidant, it can form 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine, OG for short. What can happen then is, the OG residue in DNA pivots around its ribosyl bond until the amino group is facing the other way (see diagram), and when that happens, OG can pair up with adenine instead of guanine's usual partner, cytosine.

When guanine is oxidized to form 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine,
it mispairs with adenine instead of its usual partner, cytosine.

Rest assured, there are proofreading enzymes that can and will detect such funny business in short order. But if OG isn't detected and replaced with a normal guanine before replication occurs, OG may get paired up with an adenine during replication (and then it'll eventually be swapped out with thymine, adenine's usual partner). That's bad, because what it means is that a G:C pair ended up getting changed to a T:A pair. (The place of the G got taken first by OG and then T. The place of G's opposite-strand partner, C, eventually got taken by A.) In so many words: that's a mutation.

It turns out there's a special enzyme designed to prevent the G↔T funny business we've just been talking about. It's called oxoguanine glycosylase, or Ogg1 for short. You'll sometimes see it called 8-oxoguanine-DNA-glycosylase, and from a capabilities standpoint it's often (wrongly) compared to the Fpg enzyme (formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase), which is not the same as Ogg1 at all. 

Just about all higher life forms have an Ogg1 enzyme (which clips OG out of DNA and ensures it gets replaced with a brand-new guanine before any funny business can happen). Surprisingly few bacteria have this enzyme, instead preferring to let the more general-purpose Fpg (MutM) take its place. If you run a Blast search of a reference Ogg1 gene (the Drosophila version works well) against all bacterial genomes, you'll get only a few hundred matches (out of around 10,000 sequenced bacterial genomes), the vast majority belonging to members of the class Clostridia (a truly fearsome group of anaerobic spore-formers containing the botulism germ, the tetanus bacterium, the notorious C. difficile—also known as C. diff—and some other creatures you probably don't want to meet). If you run the same Blast search against Archaea (this is the other major "germ-like" microbial domain, along with true bacteria), you'll get hits against almost every member species of the Archaea. Personally, I think it's likely the Ogg1 enzyme originated with a common ancestor of today's Archaea and Eukaryota, and arrived in Clostridia by lateral gene transfer (not terribly recently, though).

One thing is certain: E. coli does not have Ogg1, nor does Staphylococcus, nor Streptococcus, nor any germ you've ever heard of (other than the aforementioned Clostridia members, plus Archaea). And yet, every yeast and fungus has it, every plant, every fruit fly, every fish, every human—every higher life form. Ironically, only five members of Archaea turned up positive for the Fpg enzyme when I did a check, whereas almost all Eubacteria ("true bacteria") have it, including Clostridia. Bottom line, Clostridia have the best of both worlds: Fpg, plus Ogg1. Belt and suspenders, both.

This is just a tiny intro to the subject of DNA repair, which is a vast subject indeed. For more, see this article, or just start rummaging around in Google Scholar.

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